Two of the principal standards of a stock market index are transparency and investability. The methods behind its construction are clearly defined. The stock market is investable because investors can invest in it by buying index funds that are organized in the form of an exchange-traded fund or mutual funds and “track“. Any difference between Index Fund performance or Index is known as tracking error.
Types of Index
Index or Indices can be categorized in many ways. For instance, S&P Global 1000 is an example of the ” Global” or “World” market index which has stocks from multiple regions.
Similarly, there are nation indexes that have stocks from that nation and they represent the performance of the stock market of that given nation only. The most commonly repeated national index is a mixture of the stocks of large companies listed in national stock exchanges.